National Resilience Theory

Ketahanan Nasional adalah suatu kondisi dinamis suatu bangsa yang terdiri atas ketangguhan serta keuletan dan kemampuan untuk mengembangkan kekuatan nasional dalam menghadapi segala macam dan bentuk ancaman, tantangan, hambatan dan gangguan baik yang datang dari dalam maupun luar, secara langsung maupun yang tidak langsung yang mengancam dan membahayakan integritas, identitas, kelangsungan hidup bangsa dan negara serta perjuangan dalam mewujudkan tujuan perjuangan nasional.

Resilience theory is a multifaceted field of study that has been addressed by social workers, psychologists, sociologists, educators and many others over the past few decades. In short, resilience theory addresses the strengths that people and systems demonstrate that enable them to rise above adversity.

The emergence of resilience theory is associated with a reduction in emphasis on pathology and an increase in emphasis on strengths .

Referensi

Adrian DuPlessis VanBreda.2001. Resilience Theory: A Literature Review. South African Military Health Service, Military Psychological Institute, Social Work Research & Development

Brian H. Walker, John M. Anderies , Ann P. Kinzig , and Paul Ryan. 2006. Studies and Theory Development: Introduction to the Special Issue. Ecology and Society 11(1): 12.

Burns, M.E.R., (2007), Resilience theory as an approach to sustainability analysis of the petroleum energy economy. International Journal of Environmental, Cultural, Economic and Social Sustainability, Vol 3, 2007

Carpenter, S., Walker, B., Anderies, J.M., and Abel, N. 2001. From metaphor to measurement: resilience of what to what? Ecosystems 4: 765-781.

Lebih lengkap download disini